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- NATION, Page 43Zap! You've Been Tagged!
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- Many cities are trying to erase the writing on the wall
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- A decade ago, New York City subway cars were the primary
- target for industrious miscreants who, armed with marker pens
- and aerosol paint cans, scribbled and sprayed themselves into
- a major problem. City officials elsewhere in the country smugly
- assumed that gang graffiti were a blight limited largely to the
- Big Apple.
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- No more. The stylized smears born in the South Bronx have
- spread across the country, covering buildings, bridges and
- highways in every urban center. From Philadelphia to Santa
- Barbara, Calif., the annual costs of cleaning up after the
- underground artists are soaring into the billions. The
- nationwide proliferation of juvenile gangs has added to
- graffiti problems, but most of the damage is done by a new
- subculture of wandering spray-can artists who see themselves as
- itinerant self-expressionists. "Gang-related graffiti mark
- turf," says ethnographic researcher Devon Brewer of the
- University of California at Irvine. "But hip-hop graffiti are
- associated with break dancing and rap music and just say, `I
- was here.'"
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- The fanciful graffiti forms range from stylized signature
- "tags" to mural-size "pieces" that elaborately blend fanciful
- script, cartoon characters and messages with the artist's
- street name. In Los Angeles authorities are contending with
- organized teams of taggers who use sophisticated climbing gear
- to spray their signatures on overpasses or dodge high-speed
- traffic to emblazon murals on freeway center dividers. "They
- know their names will be up for months because the state
- department of transportation has to shut down the freeway to
- paint over the dividers," a harried official complained last
- week at a Los Angeles antigraffiti conference attended by
- representatives from 28 Western U.S. cities. Cost in Los
- Angeles alone of removal and such prevention measures as
- coating buildings with special paint: $28 million yearly.
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- After comparing notes, few conferees saw much ground for
- optimism. "Southern California cities are spending $100 million
- a year for cleanup, and the national cost may exceed $4
- billion," says vandalism expert Jay Beswick, founder of the
- National Graffiti Information Network.
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- California politicians, dismayed that retailers widely
- disregard a state law outlawing sales of aerosol paint cans to
- minors, are churning out new penalties for taggers. A measure
- that would revoke the driver's license of anyone caught writing
- a graffito has been sent to Governor George Deukmejian for
- signing. Another bill would require store owners to lock up
- millions of cans of spray paint to prevent shoplifting by
- taggers. But it is unlikely that such supply-side measures will
- quench the tagging urges of the Los Angeles spray-can artist
- known as Chaka and his competitor Ozone, who have left their
- gaudy signatures some 15,000 times across the breadth of the Los
- Angeles basin.
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- By Jonathan Beaty. With reporting by Dan Cray/Los Angeles.
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